Hardware Mapping Strategies of PLC Programs in FPGAs Adam Milik*, Edward Hrynkiewicz** Institute of Electronics, Silesian University of Technology of Gliwice, Poland (e-mail: *adam.milik@ polsl.pl; **edward.hrynkiewicz@polsl.pl). Abstract: The automatic implementation of fast operating PLCs with massive parallel hardware processing is expected by wide range of designers not familiar with details of computation algorithms design in hardware. The paper presents an approach to implement the fixed point arithmetic computations of control programs with ability of computation resource sharing. The method is based on developed intermediate graph representation for PLC programming languages. The graph representation of a PLC program allows to reveal and to implement parallel computations. Presented methods are dedicated for FPGA architectures and enables utilization of pipelined processing. It is based on multiple stages scheduling shown in detail. Presented methods are in

Expert Systems with Applications 40 (2013) 1491–1504 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Expert Systems with Applications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/eswa Design of heart rate variability processor for portable 3-lead ECG monitoring system-on-chip Wai-Chi Fang a, Hsiang-Cheh Huang b,uArr;, Shao-Yen Tseng a a Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC b Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan, ROC a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: ECG Heart rate variability Integrated health-care system Portable system Lomb periodogram a b s t r a c t The worldwide population of people over the age of 65 has been predicted to more than double from 1990 to 2025. Therefore, ubiquitous health-care systems have become an important topic of research in recent years. In this paper, an integrated system for

英语原文共 11 页， 附录A 译文 零售商店内广告服务副产品品种竞争的战略效果 摘 要 我们研究了店内广告的零售商服务模型，其中中性零售商向消费者免费提供产品信息，但向制造商收费。我们的结果表明，零售商的最优定价促使制造商减少了他们提供的商品数量。但是，这可以放松制造商之间的竞争，从而使他们可以从使用店内服务中受益，除非与消费者就公司间产品进行交流的成本较低。 此外，当制造商之间的差异不大时，通过减少因项目数量过多而导致的效率低下，可以使服务具有社会效益。 1引言 今天的信息和交流工具，如社交网站，使消费者能够就产品相互交流，也能与提供产品的公司交流。因此，企业可以有效地理解消费者的不同需求，并在产品开发中加以利用。然而，这也给了企业增加产品数量的动�

英语原文共 19 页， 众包的最后一英里交付:战略意义和未来的研究方向 文森特·E。卡斯蒂略,约翰·E。1钟,威廉J。1罗斯和亚历山大·M。2罗德里格斯1 1田纳西大学 2都柏林大学学院 电子商务在过去20年里的兴起，增加了对响应式全渠道分销的需求，以应对最后一英里的挑战。一些公司正在试验使用共享经济商业模式来增强分销策略。所谓的“众包物流”(CSL)的使用在实践中越来越普遍，但这一新现象在物流战略中的作用还没有得到深入的研究和理解。使用权变理论的镜头,这一研究提供了新生了解CSL的执行根据物流效能通过模拟当天送货服务1000年从配送中心到客户地点在纽约在动态的市场条件下,通过比较结果与传统的专用车队送货司机。分析结果表明，企业如何可能找到战略效益使用CSL。为未来的研究提供了一个议程，

英语原文共 23 页， 研究文章 考虑公平性的多渠道零售商供应链定价决策 Xueping Zhen ,1Dan Shi ,2Sang-Bing Tsai ,3and Wei Wang 随着互联网的飞速发展，许多传统零售商纷纷建立了自己的网上渠道。公平性问题在多渠道零售商的双渠道供应链中可能起着重要的作用。本文建立了制造商通过直接在线渠道生产和销售产品，零售商通过在线和离线渠道直接向消费者销售产品的Stackelberg博弈模型。考虑了制造商的公平问题（有利不公平）和零售商的公平问题（不利不公平）。研究了四种情况：无公平性问题（NF）、零售商公平性问题（RF）、制造商公平性问题（MF）以及制造商和零售商公平性问题（MRF）。理论分析表明，如果制造商的优势不公平关注度较低，则整个供应链的利润最大，反之，供应链的优势不公平关注度最大，制造商和零售商的�

英语原文共 21 页， 具有质量竞争优势的原设备制造商的采购策略 摘 要 我们发展博弈论模型来研究原始设备制造商（OEM）在竞争性合约制造商（CCM）存在下的采购策略。OEM以高质量的品牌销售产品，并有三种战略选择:在内部生产产品或将生产外包给CCM或非竞争合同制造商(NCM)。同时，CCM以低质量的品牌提供自己的产品。我们发现当产品质量是外生的，OEM的采购策略决定取决于OEM品牌在生产和销售产品的效率(质量和生产成本之间的差异)，相对于CCM品牌。有趣的是，原始设备制造商可能更喜欢外包而不是CCM来缓和价格竞争，即使这意味着更高的批发价格;CCM也更愿意为OEM生产，尽管其总需求可能会下降。然而，当产品质量是内源性的，在质量竞争中，原始设备制造商倾向于内包或外包，而不是NCM来增加质量差异，这取决于其在生�

英语原文共 19 页， 不同类型的冲突任务对注视和箭头注意加工的影响不同 本研究探讨了在两种不同类型的冲突任务中注视和箭头线索的注意加工机制。在实验1中，参与者执行侧翼任务，在侧翼任务中，注视和箭头提示被呈现为中心目标或两侧分心器。目标的方向和分心器之间的一致性被操纵。结果表明，箭头分心对注视的注意加工有明显的干扰作用，而箭头方向加工对注视分心的冲突具有免疫性。实验2采用空间相容性任务，探讨了注视和箭头在相对空间位置上的冲突效应。当箭头的方向与其在屏幕上的空间布局相冲突时，反应时间变慢；然而，注视的编码不受空间位置的影响。一般来说，对箭头线索的处理受双边注视线索的影响较小，但受无关空间信息的影响，而对注视线索的处理受双边注视线索的干扰较大，但不受无关空间

Numerical control transformation of machine tool 一、CNC machine tool 1 Lathes Lathes are machine tools designed primarily to do turning, facing and boring, Very little turning is done on other types of machine tools, and none can do it with equal facility. Because lathes also can do drilling and reaming, their versatility permits several operations to be done with a single setup of the work piece. Consequently, more lathes of various types are used in manufacturing than any other machine tool. The essential components of a lathe are the bed, headstock assembly, tailstock assembly, and the leads crew and feed rod. The bed is the backbone of a lathe. It usually is made of well normalized or aged gray or nodular cast iron and provides s heavy, rigid frame on which all the other basic components are mounted. Two sets of parallel, longitudinal ways, inner and outer, are contained on the bed, usually on the upper side. Some makers use an inverted V-shape for all fou

Goals Of True Broad bandrsquo;s Wireless Next Wave (4G-5G) K.R.Santhi,Prof.V.K.Srivastava,G.SenthilKumaran,Eng. Albert Butare .Kigali Institute of Science Technology and Management (KIST),B.P.3900, Kigali, Rwanda. As access technology increases, voice, video,multimedia, and broadband data services are becoming integrated into the same network. Fourth Generation (4G) is the next generation of wireless networks that will replace third Generation (3G) networks sometimes in future. 4G is intended to provide high speed, high capacity, low cost per bit, IP based services.4G is all about an integrated, global network thatrsquo;s based on an open system approach. The goal of 4G is to “replace the current proliferation of core cellular networks with a single worldwide cellular core network standard based on IP for control, video, packet data and VoIP. But while 3G havenrsquo;t quite arrived, researchers want to contribute their ideas to the development of an as-yet undefined 'wirel

Basic Machining Operations and Cutting Technology Basic Machining Operations Machine tools have evolved from the early foot-powered lathes of the Egyptians and John Wilkinsons boring mill. They are designed to provide rigid support for both the workpiece and the cutting tool and can precisely control their relative positions and the velocity of the tool with respect to the workpiece. Basically, in metal cutting, a sharpened wedge-shaped tool removes a rather narrow strip of metal from the surface of a ductile workpiece in the form of a severely deformed chip. The chip is a waste product that is considerably shorter than the workpiece from which it came but with a corresponding increase in thickness of the uncut chip. The geometrical shape of workpiece depends on the shape of the tool and its path during the machining operation. Most machining operations produce parts of differing geometry. If a rough cylindrical workpiece revolves about a central axis and the tool pene