附录B 外文原文 Improving CNC Machine Tool Geometric Precision Using Manufacturing Process Analysis Techniques Abstract With the ever increasing demands for higher and higher accuracy on modern CNC equipment, the manufacturing processes for machining and assembling the structural components are an increasingly important factor in establishing a geometrically correct machine tool. Specifically, flatness, perpendicularity, parallelism, and straightness of interfacing surfaces determine whether the machine toolrsquo;s basic accuracy. Exhibiting less geometric error allows other errors such as thermal growth, ballscrew pitch error, and control error to be isolated and more easily corrected. The geometric errors are predominately a factor of the machine tool machining and assembly process. Multiple orientations during fixturing in both assembly and machining result in significant distortions to the final assembled product. These are a result of cutting forces, fixtur

Spread Spectrum Communication System and MATLAB Simulation Abstract: This thesis expounds the basic principles of spread spectrum communication , and then the article mainly acts according to the Shannon theorem and tan oak Czechoslovakia you Nepal may the husband latent antijamming theory,With the aid of MatLab toolbox and Monte Carlo simulation algorithm,it has established the direct sequence spread spectrum communications system simulation model which does not have when the disturbance through the analysis error rate simulation curve and theory predicted value,had proven constructs the simulation model the accuracy. Key words：Spread spectrum；communication；MATLAB 1 Introduction 1.1 Spread Spectrum Communication System Spread spectrum communication, namely, spread spectrum communications (Spread Spectrum Communication), with fiber-optic communications, satellite communications, with access to the information age as the three major high-tech communications

1.Amplitude modulation： Amplitude modulation(AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude (signal strength) of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the waveform being transmitted. That waveform may, for instance, correspond to the sounds to be reproduced by aloudspeaker, or the light intensity of television pixels. This technique contrasts with frequency modulation, in which the frequency of the carrier signal is varied, and phase modulation, in which its phase is varied. AM was the earliest modulation method used to transmit voice by radio. It was developed during the first two decades of the 20th century beginning with ReginaldFessendens radio telephone experiments in 1900. It remains in use today in many forms of communication; for example it is used in portable two way radios, VHF aircraft radio and in computer modems. 'AM' is often used

Brand Names Consumers always have incomplete information about product availability, quality, and alternative prices. Such 'imperfect information' leads them to rely on brand names, which lessen the costs of acquiring product information. By relying on brand names and the company reputations associated with them, consumers can make reasonable purchases without searching or investigating products each time they buy. Many economists have lamented the fact that consumers put so much reliance on brand names. The problem, as these economists see it, is that this consumer reliance gives companies with established brand names 'market power' over the price they can charge. When companies 'differentiate' their products with unique brand names and associated advertising and promotional campaigns, they can charge more than others for what these economists claim are 'truly' identical products. Brand names lead consumers to make what these economists consider to be artificial distinction

ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND TOURISM Has e-commerce past its prime or just resting? Business and stock market expectations have not been fulfilled. However, in some sectors such as the travel and tourism industry online transactions are continuously increasing, despite its tough economic problems and fewer travelers. This industry is the leading application in the B2C (business-to-consumer) arena. Whereas in other industries there is a stronger hold to traditional processes, the tourism industry is witnessing an acceptance of e-commerce to the extent that the structure of the industry is changing. The net is used not only for information gathering; there is an acceptance of ordering services over the Internet. A new type of user is emerging, who seems to accept to become his own travel agent and to build his travel package. In 2002 the US online travel market increased by 45% up to 27 Bn. U$, accounting for 14.4% of the total travel market; and in Europe the online travel increas

Die Life of cold stamping die and improvements Overview of stamping die Stamping Die - Stamping in the cold, the material (metal or non-metallic) processing into parts (or half) of a special technical equipment, called cold stamping die (commonly known as Die). Press - is at room temperature, using the die installed in the press to put pressure on the material to produce a separation or plastic deformation, and thus to obtain the necessary parts of a pressure processing method. Stamping die in the form of many, the general categories according to the following main features: 1. According to the technical nature of (1) Die along the closed or open contour the material are derived from mold. If blanking die, punch die, cut off the mold, cut mode, cutting mode, split mode, etc.. (2) bending mode to blank or blank sheet along a straight line (curved line) to bend, deform, and thus obtain a certain angle and shape of the workpiece in the mold. (3) The drawing

A Survey Paper on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Trends Abstract: This paper provides a survey on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Initially RFID tags were developed to eventually replace barcodes in supply chains. Their advantages are that they can be read wirelessly and without line of sight, contain more information than barcodes, and are more robust. The paper describes the current technology, including the frequency ranges used and standards. With the increasing ubiquity of RFID tags, however, privacy became a concern. The paper outlines possible attacks that can violate ones privacy and it also describes counter measures. The RFID technology did not stop at item-level tagging. The paper also presents current research that focuses on locating and tracking labeled object that move. Since the uses for RFID tags are so widespread, there is a large interest in lowering the costs for producing them. It turns out that printing tags might become a viable al

Attract and keep good employees by Frederick Hornberger. Abstract Attracting and retaining great staff is the key for business success. Talented people who continue to develop skills and increase their value to their organization and to their customers are a companyrsquo;s most important resource. The essay is on how to attract and retain these people and create an environment in which they remain competitive and continue to thrive. Key words: Attracting, retaining, good employees, environment, competitive Importance of attracting and keeping good employees Reasons for attracting and keeping good employees More than a decade ago, leading trade associations in the United States began warning of an impending labor shortage. That prediction has turned out to apply to almost all parts of the more and more intensively competitive business world nowadays. This labor shortage affects almost every industry and employers must begin to look outside of traditi

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 7 – 12 12th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing The Incorporation of Sustainability Indicators into a Performance Measurement System Vanessa Nappiordf;, Henrique Rozenfeldordf;* ordf;University of Satilde;o Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Satilde;o Carlense 400,Postcode 13566-590; Satilde;o Carlos, Brazil * Corresponding author. Tel.: 55 (16) 33739433. E-mail address: vnappi@sc.usp.br Abstract Sustainability indicators have emerged as a key element in a market where customers are interested in the environmental impacts of the products they consume. Companies are trying to incorporate them into their Performance Measurement System (PMS). However, there is little information available to managers to guide them on the incorporation. Hence, this paper presents the results of an action research carried out to improve the PMS of a Brazilian consumer goods company with th

EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY amp; FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE: A CASE OF PAKISTANrsquo;S AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY: Mahira Rafique Scholar, Faculty of Management Sciences International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan Economics and Finance Review Vol. 1(4) pp. 50 – 58, June, 2011 ISSN: 2047 - 0401 ABSTRACT This paper focuses on investigating the effect of the profitability of the firm and its financial leverage on the capital structure of the automobile sector companies in Pakistan. To proceed with this, the capital structure of 11 listed firms has been analyzed by adopting an econometric framework over a period of five years. Estimating regression analysis and checking the relationship of the estimated model through Correlation Coefficient Test, we found that the profitability of the firm and its financial leverage have an insignificant impact on the capital structure of the studied firms during the examined period. Hence, the study is unable to est