英语原文共 12 页， 案例研究 严重破坏钢筋混凝土T梁桥的极限抗弯承载力 Yong Li1; Jinquan Zhang2; Yanjiang Chen3; and Lipeng Wu4 摘要: 对现有桥梁的安全范围和过载能力进行准确的预测，这对极限抗弯承载力进行合理、准确的评价来说是至关重要的。一个使用了28年的破损的简支的t梁桥的跨度有20米，它严重受损，并决定用新的来替换它。对这一不良跨度进行了现场破坏荷载试验。利用非线性有限元模型，对失效载荷进行了预测，并对载荷-位移响应进行了跟踪。得出了破坏载荷试验得到的极限弯曲能力，并且与极限状态设计方法得到的结果进行了比较。对比结果表明，该桥梁的极限抗弯承载力大于自重和超载车辆共同作用产生的弯矩，这也解释了为什么大桥承载超载车辆多年。DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE) BE.1943-5592.0001027. c

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Front axle and steering mechanism Generally, the function of the steering system is thought of simply as that of providing a means whereby the driver can place his vehicle as accurately as practicable where he wants it to be on the road, for selection of the course he wants to steer round corners, and so that he can avoid other road users and obstructions. It must also, however, keep the vehicle stably on course regardless of irregularities in the surface over which the vehicle is travelling. For the achievement of these basic aims, the first requirement is that, when the vehicle is travelling very slowly, all the wheels shall roll truly, that is, without any lateral slip. In Fig. 40.1, motion of the wheel along YY is pure rolling, along XX it is wholly slip. Motion along any other axis, ZZ for example, will have both rolling and slip components. Since for all the wheels on a vehicle to roll truly they must all move in the same direction perpendicular to their axes XX, t

Chapter 32 The back axle Having dealt with the mechanical transmission system between the engine and output from the gearbox, we now turn to the three alternative final stages. As listed in Chapter 20, these are: live axles, dead axles and axleless transmissions. 32.1 Live back axles A live axle is one that either rotates or houses shafts that rotate, while a dead axle is one that does neither, but simply carries at its ends the stub axles on which the wheels rotate. Live axles perform two functions— (1) To act as a beam which, through the medium of the springs, carries the loads due to the weight of the carriage unit and its contents, and transmits these loads under dynamic conditions through the road wheels – rotating on its ends – to the ground. The dynamic loading is principally a result of the motions of the wheel and axle assembly over the ground and the reactions due to its mass, the flexibilities of the tyres and road springs and the mass of the car

Part 2 Transmission Chapter 25 Why is a gearbox necessary? Control over power output, by means of the throttle pedal, simply regulates the rate at which the engine is doing work: at very high speeds, the power output will be correspondingly high but, as has been explained in Chapter 1, the torque output can at the same time be significantly less than at considerably lower speeds. In other words, maximum torque may be available over only a very limited speed range. Consequently, one needs to be able to regulate both the power output and the speed range of the engine relative to the range of speeds over which the vehicle is at any given time likely to be required to operate. Only in this way can the torque at the wheels be balanced against demands for either a steady speed uphill or downhill, or on the level, or for acceleration or deceleration. A gearbox is necessary, therefore, so that the driver can regulate torque by selecting the appropriate speed range or, in oth

英语原文共 21 页， 加拿大和南非的就业平等：进展和建议 作者：Adele Thomas和Harish C. Jain 摘要：1998年，南非政府在很大程度上试图仿照加拿大立法，通过实施《就业平等法》来纠正历史上的工作场所歧视问题。本文为加拿大和南非的就业平等和相关实践提供了背景。对两国的政策和做法进行比较，并就两国迄今取得的进展进行了讨论。建议南非决策者和商业领袖今后考虑的问题包括那些更难以立法解决的问题，但这将决定就业平等在南非的最佳进展。这方面强调的问题涉及最高管理层的承诺，制定全面的人力资源政策和实践，对员工多样性的欣赏和管理以及创建解决历史系统性歧视的包容性组织文化。 关键词：就业平等; 加拿大; 南非; 多样性; 人力资源实践; 组织文化。 介绍：全球化和竞争问题加剧了技术和经济的转移�

英语原文共 21 页， 文献中的就业公平政策框架:“好的做法”与“坏的想法” 考虑反对种族或族裔歧视和承认多样性的政策的工作组织可以在文献中找到许多不同的、往往相互冲突的建议，特别是关于不同族裔群体比例代表制的目标。为了更好地理解这一争论，本文从框架批判和商业伦理的角度对三个关键理论进行了严格的考察。它引入了'就业公平政策'的基本三重概念，作为'扶持行动'、'平等机会政策'和'多样性管理'等相关概念的综合术语，区分了三个不同的组织目标:平等待遇、平等成果和个人认可。分析表明，不同的作者强调一些“事实”，而不是其他事实，并从战略上解释了有限的现有实证研究，以支持他们的政策立场，混合了经典和较新的伦理推理。在'良好做法'框架内，敦促人力资源管理从业人员采取'积极行动'，监测

英语原文共 10 页， 驱动轴总成与润滑油冷却系统 发明者:Garrett W. Gage, Goodrich, Mich 美国相关的应用程序数据 临时申请第60/003,930号，1995年9月18日 Int. Cl. .................................................... F16H 57/04 U.S. CI............... .......74/607; 184/11.1; 184/13.1 Field of Search ............... .........................74/607, 606A,74/606R,467,184/11.1,13.1 参考文献引用 美国专利文件 1,247.276 11/1917 Hurlburt. 1,741,50112/1929 Crawford ........................... 184/11.1 X 1,775,623 9/1930 Morgan ......... ... 184/13.1 1,950,034 3/1934 Mulford et al. .. ... 74/99 1,966,434 7/1934 Barker ....................................... 184/11 2,015,108 9/1935 Harper ...... ... 184/11.1 2,802,548 8/1957 Mart et al. .................................. 184/6 3,153,464 10/1964 Nelson et al. ........................ 74/467 X 3,847,249 11/1974 O