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Electric Power Components and Systems, 0(0): 1–14, 2019 Copyright # Taylor amp; Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 1532-5008 print / 1532-5016 online DOI: 10.1080/15325008.2018.1511639
A New Voltage Sensitivity Analysis Method for Medium-Voltage Distribution Systems Incorporating Power Losses Impact
一种包含电力损耗影响的中压配电系统的新型电压灵敏度分析方法
Bashir Bakhshideh Zad, Jacques Lobry, and Franccedil;ois Vallacute;ee
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
CONTENTS
已提出的电压灵敏度分析方法
- The Studied Cases 研究范例
- The Investigated Test System 所研究的测试系统
- Numerical Validation of the Studied Voltage Sensitivity Analysis Methods 研究电压灵敏度分析方法的数值验证
- Comparative Study of the Introduced VSA Methods Embedded in the VCA VCA中引入VSA方法的比较研究
- Discussion 讨论
- Conclusion 结论
Reference 参考文献
Keywords: MV distribution systems, voltage sensitivity analysis, voltage control, generation curtailment, reactive power control
Received 20 August 2017; accepted 29 July 2018
Address correspondence to Bashir Bakhshideh Zad, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium. E-mail: b.bakhshidehzad@gmail.com
Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/uemp.
Abstract——In this paper, a novel voltage sensitivity analysis method is proposed. It presents a complementary formulation of the direct sensitivity analysis approach which has been previously developed based on the topological structure of the network. The proposed method named improved direct sensitivity analysis (IDSA) incorporates variations of power losses in the system branches due to the nodal power changes and their eventual impacts on the node voltages. Effectiveness of the IDSA in voltage estimation is investigated and compared with the voltage results obtained by the direct, Jacobian-based, as well as the perturb-and-observe sensitivity analysis methods. To this end, firstly, the introduced sensitivity analysis methods are tested when active or reactive power is changed at the selected nodes of the studied test systems. Accuracy of voltage responses obtained by each of the considered sensitivity analysis methods is evaluated with respect to the exact voltage value obtained from the load flow study. Moreover, performance of the introduced sensitivity analysis methods is examined when they are separately embedded in a multi-step voltage control algorithm which manages active and reactive powers of distributed generation units in order to keep the system voltages within the permitted voltage limits. Simulation results confirm that when the power losses impact is considerable, the IDSA outperforms the direct, perturb-and- observe, and Jacobian-based sensitivity analysis methods in terms of accuracy of the voltage estimation.
摘要——本文中提出了一种新型电压灵敏度分析方法，并且提出了一种之前基于网络拓扑结构发展起来的直接灵敏度分析方法的补充公式。这种叫做改良型直接灵敏度分析(IDSA)的方法包含了系统分支中由于节点功率变化而产生的功率损耗的变化及其对节点电压。研究了IDSA在电压估计中的有效性，并与直接计算法、基于Jacobian矩阵的分析方法的以及扰动观测法的电压计算结果进行了比较分析。为此，首先，在所研究测试系统的选定节点上改变有功功率或无功功率时，对引入的灵敏度分析方法进行了测试。准确性对每种考虑的灵敏度分析方法得到的电压响应，根据从电力潮流研究中得到的准确电压值进行评估。而且，它的结果将引入的灵敏度分析方法分别嵌入到一种多步电压控制算法中，该算法管理分布式发电单元的有功和无功功率为了使系统电压保持在允许的电压范围内。仿真结果表明，当功率损耗影响较大时，IDSA的性能优于直接计算法，扰动观测法，与基于Jacobian的灵敏度分析方法在电压估计精度方面的应用。
1.INTRODUCTION
Massive integration of distributed generation (DG) units has created voltage violation issues in the electric distribution systems. To manage the voltage control problem, DG powers should be controlled actively. In this context, it is useful to have dependencies between system voltages and DG powers. Voltage sensitivity analysis (VSA) gives us impacts of changing the nodal powers on the system voltages. Information provided by the VSA can be employed in a voltage control algorithm (VCA) in order to linearize the voltage-power relationships and to eventually simplify the corresponding formulation of the VCA, as it has been done in [1–10].
分布式发电（DG）单元的大规模集成在配电系统中产生了电压违规问题。为了解决电压控制问题，必须积极控制DG的功率。在这种情况下，系统电压和DG功率之间的拥有依赖关系是有用的。电压敏感性分析给出了改变节点功率对系统电压的影响。在电压控制算法中可以使用VSA提供的信息，以便线性化电压-功率关系，并最终简化VCA相应的公式。就像它在[1-10]中所做的那样。
The proposed sensitivity-based voltage control approaches in the literature can be classified into the distributed [1–4] or cen- tralized algorithm [4–10] that employs the transformer tap changer [4–6], active and reactive powers control of DGs [2–10] and energy storage device [1].
文献提出的基于灵敏度分析的电压控制方法大致可分为分布式[1–4]或集中式[4–10]算法，他们大都应用变压器分接开关，分布式光伏的有功与无功控制器[2–10]，和储能装置等装置[1]。
Sensitivity of system voltages with respect to the active and reactive powers is conventionally obtained from the inverse of Jacobian matrix in the Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) study. The NRLF method has been basically developed for the load flow study in the transmission systems that have different characteristics compared to the distribution systems, particularly, regarding the resistance to reactance (R/X) ratio of th
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