PREFERENCES FOR INTERIOR PUBLIC SPACES IN KUALA LUMPUR SHOPPING MALLS
By FAZILAH BINTI FAZLE MOULA
July 2009 Chairman: Suhardi bin Maulan, PhD Faculty: Design and Architecture
As users of shopping malls, peoplersquo;s needs play an important role in designing
shopping malls, as it is not only for the quality of its shops and hospitality that
matter, but also the interior public space it provides. People carry out various
activities in interior public spaces whereby these spaces are crucial for the comfort of
the customers who come to the malls. Unfortunately, the trend in the Malaysian
Malls interior public spaces have not been as public spaces, as they are rather
designed specifically for business spaces.
It is therefore suggested that the interior public spaces at shopping malls be designed
according to peoplersquo;s needs and preferences. Thus, this study was carried out to
investigate preferences of the Kuala Lumpur residents towards interior public spaces
at shopping malls. For this, a survey was conducted on among 240 participants in
Bukit Bintang, MidValley and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur. The
Iv major part of the survey was the photo-questionnaire of the interior public spaces at
malls. Besides photo questionnaire, the survey also consists of questions to gauge
the participantsrsquo; perceived importance of the interior landscape elements at the
public spaces in malls.
The results from the analysis indicated that interior public spaces at malls could be
categorized into three dimensions, namely Business, Green and Seating Dimensions.
Green Dimension refers to the dimension, which has the highest mean preference
rating while Business Dimension is the dimension with the lowest mean preference
rating. The analysis also revealed that seating places, public clocks, plants and water
features are perceived as important interior landscape elements at the public spaces
provided while artificial plants and business entities are perceived as less important
than other interior landscape elements involved in this study. Based on the peoplersquo;s
preferences, the study also showed five significant findings: the interior space at
shopping malls as a place for public to spend time, to utilize and to relax, people
preferred green interior and water features, while coherence and legibility are two
important preference factors for the interior public spaces at shopping malls. The
fourth and final significant findings are the rejection of business entities at public
spaces in malls and that the age of the people who visited these places did matter in
designing these spaces.
Background of the Study
Kuala Lumpur had undergone a rapid urbanization which reached 100% (Lim, Nur-
wati, B and Ghafar, A, 2003). This condition has transformed the early shop houses
to big departmental stores and finally to large malls (Bunnell, Barter and Morshidi,
S, 2002), which has led to these giant business premise to become increasingly popu-
lar among Malaysians. Malls are the symbol of successful cities and they contribute
to the economic growth of a country. Even though they are apparently viewed as
enclosed buildings which consist of many smaller shops, this kind of environment
plays an essential role to people. These malls also serve to accommodate for various
functions for the people with special needs and preferences.
Uzzell (1995, p. 300), in his research conducted in Guilford, United Kingdom, states
that “Shopping malls should not be regarded simply as a particular kind of architec-
tural retail outlet, but as places providing a complex array of commercial, community
and leisure facilities and satisfying many psychological need and preferences.” He
found that users perceived shopping malls as places where they could accomplish
their social, psychological, and spatial needs rather than the mallrsquo;s reputation as
merely as a retail setting. In addition to this, the mall area that plays a vital role in
affecting peoplersquo;s judgement of the quality of the mall is a central area, which Uzzell
calls as lsquo;social arearsquo;. Throughout the world, malls are not just places for activities
related to selling and buying, but they are also for a wide range of activities from
passive movement such as sitting and relaxing (Ozdemir, 2000; Anthony, 1995;
2Uzzell, 1995) to active movement such aslsquo;mall walkingrsquo;(Ozdemir, 2000; Anthony,
1995). A study conducted in Malaysia by Lim et al. (2003) revealed that the major
activities by the public during their trips to malls were such as buying daily their ne-
cessities, followed by outing with friends and family, window-shopping and recrea-
tion. The finding by Lim et al. (2003) also showed that Malaysians were also in-
volved in a wide range of activities at shopping malls.
Based on the discussion above, shopping environment must also serve as a multi-
functional building. Most importantly, malls should cater for shopping, leisure, re-
laxation, meeting friends and various activities just like the outdoor environment. In
addition, malls are designed to resemble the characteristics of a city, which is com-
plete with circulation areas including walkways, atriums 1 and corridors. According
to Cybriwsky (1999), these kinds of areas can be classified as public spaces 2 which
allow for passages, social interaction and relaxation. Moreover, any atrium in shop-
ping malls should actually be designed the main purpose, i.e. for it to function as
central public spaces, with business outlets set around it (Mohd. Hamdan, A amp;
Mohamad Tajuddin, M.R, 2000).
Unfortunately, mo
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吉隆坡购物中心内部公共空间的偏好
法齐伊拉·宾蒂·法扎尔·穆拉
2009年7月主席:苏哈迪·本·马鲁兰博士:设计与建筑。作为购物中心的使用者，人们的需求在设计中起着重要的作用。购物中心，因为它不仅是为了其商店的质量和好客。物质，也是它提供的室内公共空间。人们进行各种室内公共空间的活动，这些空间对于舒适的环境至关重要。来购物中心的顾客。不幸的是，马来西亚的趋势。商场内部的公共空间并不是公共空间，而是公共空间。专门为业务空间设计。因此，建议设计购物中心的内部公共空间。根据人们的需要和喜好。因此，这项研究是进行的。调查吉隆坡居民对室内公共空间的偏好。
在购物中心。为此，在240名参与者中进行了一项调查。Bukit Bintang, MidValley和Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman在吉隆坡的调查的主要部分是室内公共空间的照片问卷。购物中心。除了照片调查问卷外，调查还包括一些问题。参与者对室内景观元素的感知重要性。在购物中心的公共空间。分析结果表明，商场内部公共空间可能存在。分为三个维度，即业务、绿色和座位维度。绿色维度是指具有最高平均偏好的维度。业务维度是指具有最低平均偏好的维度。评级。分析还揭示了座位位置、公共时钟、植物和水。特征被认为是公共空间内重要的室内景观元素。当人工植物和商业实体被认为不那么重要的时候。比其他内部景观元素参与这项研究。基于人民偏好，研究也显示了五个重要的发现:室内空间。购物中心是一个让公众花时间、利用和放松的地方。首选的绿色内部和水的特征，而一致性和易读性是两个。购物中心内部公共空间的重要偏好因素。的第四，也是最后一个重要的发现是在公共场合拒绝商业实体。购物中心的空间和参观这些地方的人的年龄都很重要。设计这些空间。
研究的背景
吉隆坡迅速城市化，达到100% (Lim, Nur-)。
wati, B和Ghafar, A, 2003)。这种情况改变了早期的商店。
到大型百货公司，最后到大型购物中心(Bunnell, Barter和Morshidi，
这导致了这些巨大的商业前提变得越来越流行。马来西亚人之间的守护神。购物中心是成功城市的标志，他们也做出了贡献。一个国家的经济发展。尽管他们显然被认为是。封闭的建筑包括许多小商店，这种环境。对人们起着至关重要的作用。这些购物中心也提供各种各样的服务。为有特殊需要和偏好的人提供的功能。Uzzell (1995, p. 300)，在他在英国吉尔福德进行的研究中。“购物中心不应该被简单地看作是一种特殊的架构。”文化零售网点，但作为提供复杂的商业、社区的场所。还有休闲设施，满足许多心理需求和偏好。”他发现用户认为购物中心是他们可以完成的地方。他们的社会、心理和空间需求，而不是商场的声誉。只是作为一个零售场所。除此之外，购物中心区域也起着至关重要的作用。影响人们对购物中心质量的判断是一个中心区，它是Uzzell。称“社会领域”。在世界各地，购物中心不仅仅是活动场所。与销售和购买有关，但它们也适用于各种各样的活动。静坐和放松等被动运动(Ozdemir, 2000;安东尼,1995;(2000年)到“步行商业街”(Ozdemir, 2000;安东尼,1995)。Lim等人(2003)在马来西亚进行的一项研究显示该专业。在去购物中心的途中，公众的活动如每日购买他们的ne。cessities，接下来是与朋友和家人出游，逛街和娱乐。Lim等人(2003)的发现也显示了马来西亚人也在其中。在购物中心的活动范围广泛。在以上讨论的基础上，购物环境也必须是一个多的。功能建筑。最重要的是，购物中心应该满足购物、休闲、重新购物的需求。放松，会见朋友和各种活动，就像户外环境一样。在此外，购物中心的设计类似于城市的特点，也就是com。包括走廊、中庭和走廊等流通区域。根据对于Cybriwsky(1999)来说，这些类型的区域可以划分为公共空间2。允许段落、社交和放松。此外，商店里的任何中庭。实际上，平行街应该是设计的主要目的，也就是它的功能。中央公共空间，设有商业网点(Mohd)。哈姆丹,amp;穆罕默德Tajuddin,M。R,2000)。不幸的是，大部分商场内的大部分室内公共空间都是开放的。吉隆坡完全被商业实体占据。这种现象更在公众聚集的地方，如主要的中庭地板，猖獗。空间、走廊和人行道。除此之外，公共空间的改造。进入商业领域，并将商业活动扩展到商场的这些区域。1中庭指的是大型商场或其他建筑物中的一个巨大的开放空间(《朗文字典》，2001)，可以从其他层次上看出来。本研究中的公共空间指的是购物中心的区域，如走道、走廊和中庭。在吉隆坡，其他的室内景观元素(如座位位置，植物、水景、公共钟和雕塑，应该是公众的。空间，永远被忽视和遗忘。许多研究表明，人们有特殊的需求和偏好。对购物环境的影响(如狼，2004;Lekagul,2002;Uzzell,1995)。最重要的是，在购物商场的情况下，设计的原则。商场让设计师为强调的人设计出各种各样的空间。
在适当的地方放松(木匠，沃克和兰弗希尔，1975)。这是particu -
因为有些人可能想在购物的时候短暂休息一下，改变一下。从一个地方到另一个地方，在购买额外的东西之前要休息和思考(同上)。在
此外，Casazza和Spink(1985)认为购物中心的主要区域是de-。在它的公共空间和连接的锚店上留下印象。通过大量的零售商店，在公共区域和公共空间(a.c.f)。Lekagul,2002)。在吉隆坡的商场里，大部分的室内公共空间都有。变成了商业领域，这就导致了这些变化。
公共空间使他们失去了生存能力，也没有成为酒吧。地方政府投资公司的空间了。结果，商场的公共空间转向吸收其他商店。在那里人们只能浏览和购买商品。如果商场像公共场所一样。没有提供便利设施，人们可以用它来完成他们的身体和身体。生理需要和偏好，这意味着它们仅仅是一个地方。人们花钱，而其他目的却被忽略。
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