四川达州农村电商生态系统建设中的问题与对策外文翻译资料

 2023-03-16 11:03

四川达州农村电商生态系统建设中的问题与对策

摘要：除非它是整个生态系统培养的一部分。当然，我过于简化了，但解决这个问题的唯一方法是全面地，通过影响整个生态系统，刺激所有元素之间的良性循环。

关键词：中欧班列，意愿指标，集中客运

引用文献：

Operation Efficiency Evaluation of the China-Europe Freight Train Based on Grey Cross-Efficiency DEA

Keywords: boarder commerce,train effect,inernatinal legislation

Introduction On March 19, 2011, the “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway” container freight train from Chongqing, China, to Duisburg, Germany, was launched, marking the official opening of the new railway freight model between China and Europe, the China-Europe Freight Train (CEFT). *e CEFT connected the two strategic spaces of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and it served as an important carrier and platform for the country to promote the “Belt and Road” initiative. Moreover, it also broke the foreign trade pattern that focused on the eastern coastal cities after Chinarsquo;s reform and opening up, making the Midwest region a bridgehead that opens to the west. Since it began to work, the CEFT has not only achieved major breakthroughs in terms of scale, coverage, and freight category but also formed a relatively clear operation model and a relatively stable operation pattern. In 2019, the CEFT ran 8,225 trains and delivered 725,000 TEUs, with a comprehensive reload rate of 94%, and has embarked on a normalized and large-scale development path. However, after several years of disorderly development, a series of problems on the operation of the CEFT have been revealed, such as high costs, disorderly competition, insufficient supply and demand connection, and low customs clearance efficiency. *erefore, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive scientific evaluation of the operation efficiency of the CEFT, explore the essential causes, and propose targeted solutions. Hindawi Scientific Programming Volume 2020, Article ID 8843733, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8843733 Until now, no scholars have studied the operation efficiency of the CEFT, but some scholars have discussed the operation efficiency of railways. Existing studies have either focused on the operation efficiency of railway passenger transport, or on rail freight transport, or on the comprehensive efficiency of the railway system. Moreover, existing studies mostly use DEA or its improved forms to measure the operation efficiency of the railway system, mainly because specific production function forms are not needed to be set in advance. *is paper used the DEA method to evaluate the annual operation efficiency of the CEFT since its inception and explore its current operation status and its shortcomings. Even though the cross-efficiency DEA model can achieve the ranking of alternatives, it cannot distinguish the relative size of the weights of inputs and outputs. *erefore, to solve this problem, this paper introduced the grey system theory, proposed a cross-efficiency DEA model based on grey correlation, and fixed the proportional relationship between input or output index weights, carrying out the efficiency evaluation of the CEFT. 2. Research Status At present, there have been many researches on the efficiency of railway operations, and the topics covered are broad. *ey can be further divided into two categories according to the research theme: one is to explore the impact of railway operation efficiency on the economic and social environment, such as the impact of railway transport on green innovation efficiency [1] and the impact on energy and environmental protection efficiency [2, 3], while the other is to explore how to improve railway operation efficiency, namely, attempt to identify the problems in the development of railway operations by evaluating the efficiency of railway operations, and then put forward targeted recommendations [4, 5], and in this paper, the second category has been drawn attention. Initially, relevant studies treated railway passenger transport and freight transport equally and explored the comprehensive railway operation efficiency [6, 7]. However, due to the significant differences between the railway passenger transport and freight transport in the process of operation, Yu and Lin [8, 9] and Li [10] pointed out that the efficiency of the railway passenger transport and railway freight transport should be studied within a unified framework, respectively. *erefore, the research on how to improve the efficiency of railway operation can be further divided into three types, one is the research on the operation efficiency of the railway passenger transport, another is the research on the operation efficiency of the railway freight transport, and the last is the research on the comprehensive operation efficiency of the railway passenger and freight transport. *e network DEA method was employed to measure the railway passenger transport operation efficiency, freight operation efficiency, service efficiency, and technical efficiency of the 20 railway systems in 2002 and further compared the network DEA to the traditional DEA, pointing out that the network DEA owned greater advantages than the traditional DEA in the railway and could provide more information about improvements in railway efficiency [9]. Besides, Sameni et al. and Preston [11] used DEA to measure the operational efficiency of the British railway passenger transport and explored the utilization of railway capacity. Friebel et al. [12] used PMF (Production Frontier Model) to study the reform efficiency of the EU railway passenger transport system. In another paper, Kutlar et al. [13] used CCR (the abbreviation of its developersrsquo; initials, i.e., Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes [14]) and BCC (the abbreviation of its developersrsquo; initials, i.e. Banker, Charnes, and Cooper [15]), respectively, to evaluate the technical efficiency and resource

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四川达州农村电商生态系统建设中的问题与对策

摘要：除非它是整个生态系统培养的一部分。当然，我过于简化了，但解决这个问题的唯一方法是全面地，通过影响整个生态系统，刺激所有元素之间的良性循环。

关键词：中欧班列，意愿指标，集中客运

引用文献：

Operation Efficiency Evaluation of the China-Europe Freight Train Based on Grey Cross-Efficiency DEA

Keywords: boarder commerce,train effect,inernatinal legislation

Introduction On March 19, 2011, the “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway” container freight train from Chongqing, China, to Duisburg, Germany, was launched, marking the official opening of the new railway freight model between China and Europe, the China-Europe Freight Train (CEFT). *e CEFT connected the two strategic spaces of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and it served as an important carrier and platform for the country to promote the “Belt and Road” initiative. Moreover, it also broke the foreign trade pattern that focused on the eastern coastal cities after Chinarsquo;s reform and opening up, making the Midwest region a bridgehead that opens to the west. Since it began to work, the CEFT has not only achieved major breakthroughs in terms of scale, coverage, and freight category but also formed a relatively clear operation model and a relatively stable operation pattern. In 2019, the CEFT ran 8,225 trains and delivered 725,000 TEUs, with a comprehensive reload rate of 94%, and has embarked on a normalized and large-scale development path. However, after several years of disorderly development, a series of problems on the operation of the CEFT have been revealed, such as high costs, disorderly competition, insufficient supply and demand connection, and low customs clearance efficiency. *erefore, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive scientific evaluation of the operation efficiency of the CEFT, explore the essential causes, and propose targeted solutions. Hindawi Scientific Programming Volume 2020, Article ID 8843733, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8843733 Until now, no scholars have studied the operation efficiency of the CEFT, but some scholars have discussed the operation efficiency of railways. Existing studies have either focused on the operation efficiency of railway passenger transport, or on rail freight transport, or on the comprehensive efficiency of the railway system. Moreover, existing studies mostly use DEA or its improved forms to measure the operation efficiency of the railway system, mainly because specific production function forms are not needed to be set in advance. *is paper used the DEA method to evaluate the annual operation efficiency of the CEFT since its inception and explore its current operation status and its shortcomings. Even though the cross-efficiency DEA model can achieve the ranking of alternatives, it cannot distinguish the relative size of the weights of inputs and outputs. *erefore, to solve this problem, this paper introduced the grey system theory, proposed a cross-efficiency DEA model based on grey correlation, and fixed the proportional relationship between input or output index weights, carrying out the efficiency evaluation of the CEFT. 2. Research Status At present, there have been many researches on the efficiency of railway operations, and the topics covered are broad. *ey can be further divided into two categories according to the research theme: one is to explore the impact of railway operation efficiency on the economic and social environment, such as the impact of railway transport on green innovation efficiency [1] and the impact on energy and environmental protection efficiency [2, 3], while the other is to explore how to improve railway operation efficiency, namely, attempt to identify the problems in the development of railway operations by evaluating the efficiency of railway operations, and then put forward targeted recommendations [4, 5], and in this paper, the second category has been drawn attention. Initially, relevant studies treated railway passenger transport and freight transport equally and explored the comprehensive railway operation efficiency [6, 7]. However, due to the significant differences between the railway passenger transport and freight transport in the process of operation, Yu and Lin [8, 9] and Li [10] pointed out that the efficiency of the railway passenger transport and railway freight transport should be studied within a unified framework, respectively. *erefore, the research on how to improve the efficiency of railway operation can be further divided into three types, one is the research on the operation efficiency of the railway passenger transport, another is the research on the operation efficiency of the railway freight transport, and the last is the research on the comprehensive operation efficiency of the railway passenger and freight transport. *e network DEA method was employed to measure the railway passenger transport operation efficiency, freight operation efficiency, service efficiency, and technical efficiency of the 20 railway systems in 2002 and further compared the network DEA to the traditional DEA, pointing out that the network DEA owned greater advantages than the traditional DEA in the railway and could provide more information about improvements in railway efficiency [9]. Besides, Sameni et al. and Preston [11] used DEA to measure the operational efficiency of the British railway passenger transport and explored the utilization of railway capacity. Friebel et al. [12] used PMF (Production Frontier Model) to study the reform efficiency of the EU railway passenger transport system. In another paper, Kutlar et al. [13] used CCR (the abbreviation of its developersrsquo; initials, i.e., Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes [14]) and BCC (the abbreviation of its developersrsquo; initials, i.e. Banker, Charnes, and Cooper [15]), respectively, to evaluate the technical efficiency and resource

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